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Charles Ross

CAE1509

Summary Note

The archive Charles Ross contains materials related to his artistic career and to his long-term project Star Axis. Materials include exhibition ephemera, magazine articles and reviews, and writings by the artist about Star Axis—a project begun in 1976.

Biographical Note

Ross received his BA in Mathematics (1960) and an MA in Art in 1962 from UC Berkeley. In the 1960s he taught sculpture at UC Berkeley, Cornell University, School of Visual Arts and worked with the Judson Dancers, including Yvonne Rainner and Deborah Hay, to create A Collective Event, performed at Judson Church, November 19 and 20th, 1963. Returning to San Francisco, Ross collaborated with dancer Anna Halprin to create Parades and Changes, (1964-66), which was performed in California, Stockholm, Helsinki, and was one of the first cultural events to tour behind the iron curtain in Warsaw, Poland.

In 1965 Ross abandoned his earlier work with lattice columns and colored Plexiglas stacks and began making large prisms. A few years later Michael Heizer wrote Ross’s “obituary” describing this dramatic aesthetic transformation. Ross moved back to New York and helped form the first artist co-op building at 80 Wooster Street. Organized by George Maciunas in 1967, it was the co-op that launched SoHo.

Ross exhibited at the Dwan Gallery between1967 and 1971, where both the minimal and land art movements originated. Other artists with Dwan included Robert Smithson, Michael Heizer, Walter De Maria, Dan Flavin, Carl Andre, and Sol Lewitt who introduced Ross to Virginia Dwan. Ross’s first sculptures exhibited with Dwan were transparent skewed and truncated cubes—minimal objects that bend and refract both light and perception.

In 1969 Ross shifted the emphasis of his artwork from that of the minimal prism object, to the prism as an instrument through which light revealed itself so that the orchestration of spectrum light became the artwork. Ross continues to create site-specific solar spectrum installations made up of arrays of giant prisms specifically tuned to the sun. Ross’s permanent solar spectrum installations include: The National Museum of the American Indian, for which he was awarded the Washington Building Congress Award in 2005; Conversations with the Sun (2004), Meiji University, Tokyo; Spectrum 12 (1999), Saitama University, Japan, created in collaboration with architect Riken Yamamoto; The US Federal Courthouse, Tampa, Florida (1998); and Lines of Light, Rays of Color, Plaza of the Americas, Dallas, TX (1985).

In 1971 Ross discovered that the solar burns traced a double spiral when laid end-to-end.
While NEA Artist in Residence at the University of Utah in 1973-74, Ross, with a crew of students, created seven Star Map Paintings, the largest of which is 9 feet high by 27 feet wide. There he also worked on his book, Sunlight Convergence/Solar Burn, which chronicles a year of solar burns and reveals the nature of the double spiral. Published by the University of Utah Press in 1976, the book received the American Institute of Graphic Arts Award. For the past 10 years Ross has been creating several series of new solar burn artworks. One series—137 Solar Burns, each in the time it takes sunlight to reach earth, 8 minutes and 19 seconds—captures light’s time distance between the earth and sun.

Scope and Content

Using sunlight and starlight as the source for his art, Charles Ross creates large-scale prisms to project solar spectrum into architectural spaces; focuses sunlight into powerful beams to create solar burn works; draws the quantum behavior of light with dynamite; and works with a variety of other media including photography and video. For the last 40 years Ross has been building the geometry of the stars into his earthwork, Star Axis, now nearing completion in New Mexico. It is both architectonic sculpture and naked eye observatory. The approach to building Star Axis involves gathering a variety of star alignments in different time scales and building them into sculptural form. Walking through its chambers you can see how star space relates to human scale and how the space of the stars reaches down into the earth. Ross conceived of Star Axis in 1971 and began building it in 1976 after a 4-year search through the southwest to find the perfect site—a mesa where one stands at the boundary between earth and sky. He’s now finishing Star Axis with a crew of local stonemasons. It’s made with granite, sandstone, bronze, stainless steel, and earth. When completed, Star Axis will be eleven stories high and a fifth of a mile across.

Materials include catalogs, magazine articles and reviews, and printed ephemera throughout the artist’s career.

Arrangement

Charles Ross is organized into three series. The first series contains materials about Ross’ solar spectrum projects and Star Axis, the Land Art project started in 1976. Series two contains exhibition ephemera, while series three contains articles and press materials, both series of which span Ross’ career.
  • Series 1: Project Ephemera
  • Series 2: Exhibition Ephemera
  • Series 3: Articles and Press Materials

Inclusive Dates

1963-2015

Bulk Dates

1963-2015

Quantity / Extent

.25 cubic feet

Language

English, French, German, Japanese

Related Archive Collections

Related Publications

Baldwin, J. & Stewart Brand, eds., Soft-Tech. Harmondsworth, England; New York, NY: Penguin Books, 1978.

DeMarinis, Paul. Sensitive Chaos: Art + Science Sensitive Chaos. (Āto & Saiensu no Kyōshin: Senshitibu Kaosu.) Tōkyō: NTT Publishing Company, 1997

Museo de Arte y Diseño Contemporáneo. El Espíritu de una Colección. San José, Costa Rica: Museo de Arte y Diseño Contemporáneo, 1996.

Ross, Charles. Charles Ross: The Substance of Light. Santa Fe, NM: Radius Books, 2012.

Ross, Charles. Sunlight Convergence Solar Burn: The Equinoctial Year, September 23, 1971 through September 22, 1972. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press and Art Department, 1976.

Ross, Charles. The Substance of Light: Sunlight Dispersion, The Solar Burns, Point Source/Star Space. La Jolla, CA: La Jolla Museum of Contemporary Art, 1976.

Sakane, Itsuo. Kyōkaisen no tabi. Tōkyō: Asahi Shinbunsha, 1984

Weintraub, Linda. Land Marks: New Site Proposals by Twenty-two Original Pioneers of Environmental Art. Annandale-on-Hudson, N.Y.: Bard College, 1984.

Container Listing by Series:

CAE1509/1 Series 1: Project Ephemera, 1985-2012

Series 1 includes written information about Star Axis, the Land Art project begun in 1976, and Ross’ solar spectrum projects.

  • ARCH-FILE 52-1

    • 1-1 Star Axis, 1995-2012
    • 1-2 Solar Spectrum Installations, 1985-2004

Additional Materials

  • ARCH-OBJ 50

    • 1-1#4 Piece of Star Axis, Pink Granite CAE Box 162

CAE1509/2 Series 2: Exhibition Ephemera, 1963-2012

Series 2 contains exhibition ephemera that spans Ross’ career.

  • ARCH-FILE 52-1

    • 2-1 Star Axis, 1992
    • 2-2 1963 – 1969, 1963-1969
    • 2-3 1970 – 1979, 1970-1979
    • 2-4 1980 – 1989, 1980-1989
    • 2-5 1990 – 1999, 1990-1999
    • 2-6 2000 – 2012, 2000 – 2012

Additional Materials

  • Archive S-Box 12

    • 2-2#7a Prisms: Charles Ross, Dwan Gallery, New York, NY, 1968
    • 2-2#7b Dwan Gallery, New York, NY, Envelope, 1968
    • 2-3#1 Sunlight Dispersion, Dwan Gallery, New York, NY, 1971

  • Archvie F2 Oversized Items

    • 2-2#3 an environment by charles ross, Poster, 1965
    • 2-2#6 Prisms: Charles Ross, Dilexi Gallery, Poster, 1968
    • 2-3#2 Point Source: Star Space, Poster, 1975

CAE1509/3 Series 3: Articles and Press Materials, 1969-2015

Series 3 contains articles and press materials that span Ross’ career.

  • ARCH-FILE 52-1

    • 3-1 Star Axis, 1981-2015
    • 3-2 Solar Spectrum Installations, 1991-2008
    • 3-3 1969 – 1979, 1969-1979
    • 3-4 1980 – 1989, 1980-1989
    • 3-5 1990 – 2000, 1991-2000

Additional Materials

  • Archive S-Box 68

    • 3-2#14 Entre Ciel et Terre, Newspaper, 2013